Paper given to the 33rd Australasian Transport Research Forum, 29 September–1 October 2010, Canberra. Authors: Tim Risbey, Mark Cregan, Hema de Silva.

This evaluation covered 1599 black spot projects, 62% of the 2578 Australian Government funded black spot projects approved during the seven-year period 1996–97 to 2002–03 and completed.

Oil spills are basically chance events, their occurrences and characteristics being governed by probability distributions.

This Information Paper details the costs of road crashes in Australia for 1988. Costs have been grouped into three broad categories: loss of victim; crash generated activities; and pain and suffering.

The cost of road accidents is an important and controversial issue. However, it is difficult to derive an acceptable measure of these costs, and it has been some years since an attempt has been made to quantify these costs to Australia.

This supplementary Information Paper details the social costs of road crashes in Australia for 1988.

This study has refined the methodology and expanded the scope of a previous Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics study on the cost of road accidents in Australia.

Road crashes cost Australia $6.1 billion in 1993. Road crash costs account for over 90% of the total cost of transport-related accidents in Australia.

Although it is widely known that the risk of failure is high in old ships, old bulk ships continue to be used.

BTCE (1992) Social cost of transport accidents in Australia, Report 79, p. 52, estimated the total cost of rail accidents in 1988 as $94.5 million (in 1988 dollars).